CBSE Class 12 Chemistry — Notes, Solutions & Papers

CLASS XII

THEORY

Time: 3 Hours Total Marks: 70 S. No. Title Marks

Total 70

Types of S olutions, Expression of Concentration of Solutions, Solubility, Vapour Pressure of Liquid Solutions, Ideal and Non –Ideal Solutions, Colligative Properties and Determination of Molar Mass, Abnormal Molecular Masses.

Electrochemical Cells, Galvanic Cells , Nernst Equation, Conductance of E lectrolytic solutions, Electrolytic Cells and Electrolysis, Batteries, Fuel Cells, Corrosion.

Rate of a Chemical reaction, factors influencing rate of reaction , integrated rate equations, Temperature Dependence of the rate of a reaction, C ollision theory of Chemical Reactions

Position in the Periodic Table, E lectronic configuration of the d -Block Elements, General properties of the Transition Elements (d -Block), Some Important Compounds of Transition Elements, The Lanthanoids, The Actinoid s, Some Applications of d- and f- Block Elements.

Werner’s Theory of Coordination C ompound, Definition of S ome important terms pertaining to Coordination Compounds, Nomenclature of Coordination Compounds. Isomerism in Coordination Compounds, Bonding in coordination compounds, Bonding in Metal Carbonyls , I mportance and Applications of Coordination Compounds.

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Classification, Nomenclature, Nature of C –X bond, Methods of Preparation of Haloalkanes, Preparation of Haloarenes, Physical Properties, Chemical Reactions, Polyhalogen Compounds.

Classification, Nomenclature, Structures of Functional Groups, Alcohols and Phenols, Some commercially Important Alcohols, Ethers.

Nomenclature an d Structure of Carbonyl Group, P reparation of Aldehydes and Ketones, Physical Properties and C hemical Reactions, Uses of Aldehydes and Ketones Nomenclature Structure of Carboxyl Group, Methods of Preparation of Carboxylic Acids, Physical Properties and Chemical Reactions, Uses of Carboxylic Acids.

Structure of Amines, Classification, Nomenclature, Preparation of Amines, Physical Properties, Chemical Reactions, Methods of Preparation of Diazonium S alts, Physical Propeties, Chemical Reactions, C hemical Reactions I mportance of Diazonium Salts in Synthesis of Aromatic Compounds.

Carbohydrates. Proteins, Enzymes, Vitamins Nucleic Acids, Hormones

Note: The following topics are included in the syllabus but will be assessed only formatively to reinforce understanding without adding to summative assessments. This reduces academic stress while ensuring meaningful learning. Schools can integrate these with e xisting chapters as they align well. Relevant NCERT textual material is enclosed for reference. 1. Surface Chemistry - Adsorption - physisorption and chemisorption, factors affecting adsorption of gases on solids, colloidal state distinction between true solutions, colloids and suspension; lyophilic, lyophobic properties of colloids; coagulation, emulsion - types of emulsions. 2. General Principles and Processes of Isolation of Elements - Principles and methods of extraction - concentration, oxidation, reduction - electrolytic method and refining 3. Polymers – Polymerisation, Homopolymers and copolymer with few examples 4. Chemistry in Everyday life - Chemicals in medicines - analgesics, tranquilizers antiseptics, disinfectants, antimicrobials, antifertility drugs, antibiotics, antacids, antihistamines. Chemicals in food - preservatives, artificial sweetening agents, antioxidants.

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